Haarlem (Netherlands) – the most detailed information about the city with a photo. The main attractions of Haarlem with a description guides and maps.
Contents
City of Haarlem (Netherlands)
Haarlem – a city in the west of the Netherlands, the capital of the province of North Holland. Located 20 km from Amsterdam on the river Sparna. Haarlem – a beautiful historic city with a charming old center, full of beautiful monumental buildings. This is one of the best shopping Randstad cities and a major exporter of tulips. Haarlem is thirteenth in population in the netherlands and fourth in largest tourist flow.
- Geography and climate
- Practical information
- Story
- sights
- Video
- Maps and guides
- Comments and reviews
Geography and climate
Haarlem is located in the northern part of the Randstad, 20 km west of Amsterdam and 7 km from the North Sea coast. Climate – temperate sea with warm summer and mild winter.
The New York District of Harlem is named after this Dutch cities.
Panorama cities
Practical information
- The population is more than 160 thousand people.
- Area – 32.09 km ².
- Language – Dutch (Dutch).
- Currency – Euro.
- Visa – Schengen.
- Time – UTC +1, summer +2.
- Haarlem is a popular place for shopping. He has repeatedly been recognized as the best trading city in the Netherlands and boasts a wide variety of shops. Main shopping street – Grote Houtstraat. There are also many shops on the streets of Kleine. Houtstraat, Schagchelstraat, Drossestraat and Gierstraat.
- Popular local beers are Jopenbier.
Story
The first mention of Haarlem dates back to the 10th century. Settlement emerged on a busy trade route and quickly grew to a fairly a large city that in the 12th century became the residence of the Dutch graphs. Thanks to the heroic actions of the knights from Haarlem during the fifth crusade, the city received the privilege of portraying coat of arms cross and sword. In 1245, William II bestowed upon Haarlem city rights. In the 13th century the city was surrounded by a wooden wall and earthworks. In the 14th century, these fortifications were replaced by stone wall height of more than 15 meters.
Haarlem
In the 14th century, most of the buildings in Haarlem were made of wood. In 1328 the city was almost destroyed by fire. Strong suffered the old church of sv. Bavona, the restoration of which It took almost two centuries. In 1347 there was another strong fire The third great fire that destroyed the palace of count, happened in 1351. After him, the count’s residence was moved to The Hague.
Panorama of the city
In 1572-1573, Harlem was besieged by the Spaniards. During a long seven-month siege, the city was captured and plundered. AT 1576 Haarlem was again almost destroyed by fire. Interesting that despite all the evils and destruction, the city was constantly revived and rebuilt again.
Haarlem in the evening
In the 16th – 17th centuries, rapid economic growth occurred, which marks the golden age of harlem. The city becomes one of the center textile industry, famous for its shipyards and manufactories. During this period, Haarlem was chosen by many famous artists: Adrian van Ostade, Jan Steen, Isaac van Ostade, Job Berkhide In the 17th century, the city became one of the centers of breeding and sales of tulips. With the rise of Amsterdam and the decline of textile industry value of Harlem fell. After that he always was in the shadow of the magnificent capital of the Netherlands.
sights
Big market
Big Market (Grote Markt) – the main city square of Haarlem and the heart of the old city. The area is surrounded by beautiful old buildings. The central building is the church of sv. Bavona
Church of sv. Bavona
Church of sv. Bavona – an impressive medieval church in Gothic style, which for centuries was the heart of the city and its main sight. The current building was built between 1370 and 1520 years. After the Reformation, the church became Protestant. This late gothic cruciform basilica with 15th century transepts, choir and pulpit in 1499. Its most interesting feature is a magnificent body that is considered one of the best detailed tools in the world. On this organ played a genius Mozart
Town hall
Opposite the church of sv. Bavona is the town hall (Stadhuis), the oldest parts of which date back to 1250. More late elements such as the outer staircase, the north wing and The neoclassical facade was added at the beginning of the 17th century. Tower was rebuilt in the style of historical authenticity in 1913 year
Meat hall
The Meat Hall (Vleeshal) is another interesting historical building. in the large market, built in the 17th century in the style of the Dutch renaissance. This building was the only place in town where allowed to sell fresh meat.
Amsterdam goal
Amsterdam Gate is one of the oldest and most impressive. attractions of Haarlem. This is the only surviving city gates of 20 similar buildings of the old city. They were built at the beginning of the 15th century and are a national monument. The gates have two octagonal towers and two round towers. Also there are remains of the old city walls.
Church of sv. Bavona
Catholic Church of sv. Bavona – basilica built between 1895 and 1906 years. The church has thin stained glass windows as well sculptures and paintings by famous Dutch artists. In the former The sacristy created a small museum that allows visitors to see some historical artifacts from the catholic past Haarlem.
New church
The new church is an old religious building of the 17th century with an elegant renaissance clock tower from the 18th century. Inside is the magnificent Baroque tomb of William of Orange (although he himself buried in Delft).
Windmill on the river Sparna
Windmill on the Sparna River is an exact replica The original mill of 1778, built on the foundation of the ancient defensive tower.
Video
Maps and guides
Map of the historical center
